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Rabu, 02 Juli 2014

INTRODUCE MY SELF



I want to introduce my self. My name’s Arnoldus Sutaryanto. I was born in Jakarta on 24th June 1992. I am the first child from two cousins. I live in Bekasi at Harapan Indah street, West Java. I am a collage student at Gunadarma University.

I live with my parents and my younger sister. My parents are an employee. My younger sister name’s Sesilia Rosari. She is a student at Stella Duce 3 vocational high school, Yogyakarta.

Now, I want to tell a story about all my hobby. I am very like a music and playing football. I think, music and football is my live. Everytime, everywhere football is see a lot of me. My favorite football player is Ricardo Kaka. He is football player in AC Milan. He is my inspiration. Besides music and football, I like traveling too. But, because now I don’t have enough money to traveling, so it delayed. Hehe..

I have a parents who very loving me. They are never mind to accept all my desire. After I am finishing my study, I want to give my parents is happiness that previous ever they give me. After graduate, I wanna be a business man. I will open tour and travel office. So that, I can traveling and working too. Hehehe..

So.. until here introduce my self. I hope it every interesting. I am so sorry if any fault in my written.

Jumat, 20 Juni 2014

TASK 1 EXPLAIN ELIPTICAL STRUCTURE

 
Ellipsis

Leaving out words to avoid repeatation or in other cases when the meaning ca be understood without them is called ellipsis (Swan, 1996:172). The use of ellipsis was first detected in the ancient German dialect. It is often used in writing and speech. In writing, ellipsis can be found easily in the literary works, articles, etc. Roedig describes that ellipsis is also used in the newspaper reporting frequently. It is especially used because word omission implies hidden implications which captivates the imagination and attention of an audience
In accordance with a demand of news writing which must be brief, solid, simple, fluent, clear, unadorned, and interesting language, the use of ellipsis can not be avoided especially in writing a news title. In compiling a news title, the writer leaves out some words from a sentence in order that it is attractive and catchy so it can create enthusiasm and expectation in readers.
There are many kinds of ellipsis in English. They have different structure and use. In his book, Swan writes some types of ellipsis, such as:
1.      Ellipsis with and, but, and or
2.      Ellipsis at the beginning of sentence
3.      Ellipsis in noun phrases
4.      Ellipsis after auxiliary verb
5.      Ellipsis with infinitives
In this study, the researcher uses types of ellipsis described by Swan to analyze elliptical sentences used in the titles of headline news in the The Jakarta Post.
Type of Ellipsis
Ellipsis is the omission of words from sentences that are automatically understood so that the words do not need to be stated. There are some types of ellipsis in English. Here, they will be discussed in detail.
Type of ellipsis described by Swan below can be found in spoken and written text. They can be in a formal style. The headline news titles analyzed in this research are in formal forms. Therefore, the researcher doesn’t use some types of ellipsis in informal forms like: (and) then in ellipsis with and, but, and or, ellipsis after adjectives in noun phrases, short answer and so am I in ellipsis after auxiliary verbs, and ellipsis of infinitives because most of them are often used in informal styles and in spoken languages.

Ellipsis
1.      Various kinds of word left out
When expressions are joined by and, but or or, we often leave out repeated words or phrases of various kinds.
Example:
A knife and (a) fork
Antique (furniture) or modern furniture
2.      Word order
When two verbs, objects etc are the same, it is not always the second that it left out. We leave out the first if that will produce a simpler word order and sentence structure.
Example:
Cats (catch mice) and dogs catch mice. (Not Cats catch mice and dogs.)
3.      Singular and plural
When one verb follows two singular subjects connected by and, a plural verb forms is of course used if necessary.
Example:
My mother and father smoke. (Not My mother and father smokes.)
When two singular subjects are connected by or, the verb is singular.
Either Jake or Steve was here this morning.
4.      Other conjunctions
Ellipsis is not normally possible after other conjunction besides and, but and or.
Example:
She didn’t know where she was when she woke up. (Not … when woke up).
5.      (and) then
In an informal style, ellipsis is sometimes possible after then even if and is dropped.
Example:
Peter started first, (and) then Colin (started).

Ellipsis at the beginning of a sentence
1.      Words that can be left out
Words that can be left out include articles (the, a/an), possessives (my, your etc), personal pronouns. (I, you, etc), auxiliary verb (am, have etc) and the preparatory subject there.
Example:
Car’s running badly (= The car’s …)
Wife’s on holiday (= My wife’s …)
2.      Unstressed forms of be, will, would, have
We do not usually drop so as to begin sentences with unstressed forms of be, will, would or auxiliary have (though this sometimes happens in postcard, diary entries and other kinds of very informal writing).
Example:
I’m coming tomorrow or coming tomorrow.
But not Am coming tomorrow (Am is not stressed)
3.      I and it
Auxiliary verbs can be left out before personal pronouns excepts I and it.
You ready? (= Are you ready ?)
4.      Tags
Ellipsis is very common in sentences that have some sort of tag.
Example:
Can’t swim. Myself
Dutch, aren’t you ?

TASK 2 PROMOTING PRODUCTS

NAMA  : ARNOLDUS SUTARYANTO
NPM     : 19210610
KELAS : 4EA18


Clothes Online 

I have a product that would have a very good quality for you, especially for career women who do not have time to go buy clothes because busy work. Here we would like to introduce our clothing products are own design with comfortable material used, the main material is cotton and silk fabrics are of high quality and with a very elegant design suits you the career woman, could not buy clothes because of your busy work.Now you no longer need to go to the mall, you just visit our website www.vgclotesline.com there you can order directly and see our products very how quality to make a purchase is easy you just select clothes that you will buy , then click the image you choose clothes that afterwards there will be a price details after you click on the description of the contents of the Bios ordered. very easy to not immediately message and visit our website and join our group


 MODAL AUXILIARIES 

What are "modal auxiliary verbs"?


The verbs can, could, will, would, should, may, might, must, ought and shall are verbs which 'help' other verbs to express a meaning: it is important to realise that these "modal verbs" have no meaning by themselves. A modal verb such as would has several varying functions; it can be used, for example, to help verbs express ideas about the past, the present and the future. It is therefore wrong to simply believe that "would is the past of will": it is many other things.


1. CAN and COULD
Talking about ability
  • Can you speak Bahasa ? (present)
  • She could play the guitar when she was five. (Past)
Making requests
  • Can you give me a ring at about 10?
  • Could you speak up a bit please? (slightly more formal, polite or 'softer') 
Asking permission
  • Can I ask you a question?
  • Could I ask you a personal question? (more formal, polite or indirect) 
2. WILL and WOULD
Making personal predictions
  • I don't think the Queen will ever abdicate.
  • I doubt if I'll stay here much longer 
Talking about the past with certainty
  • I'm sure you will have noticed that attendance has fallen sharply 
Making a semi-formal request
  • Will you open the window, please? It's very hot in here. Sign this, will you? 
Polite requests and offers (a 'softer' form of will)
  • Would you like another cup of tea?
  • Would you give me a ring after lunch? I'd like the roast duck, please.
In conditionals, to indicate 'distance from reality': imagined, unreal, impossible situations
  • If I ruled the world, every day would be the first day of Spring.
  • It would have been better if you'd word processed your assignment.
4. MAY AND MIGHT 
Talking about the present or future with uncertainty
  • She may be back in her office: the lecture finished ten minutes ago.
  • I may go shopping tonight, I haven't decided yet.
  • England might win the World Cup, you never know. 
Talking about the past with uncertainty
  • I'm surprised he failed. I suppose he might have been ill on the day of the exam.
  • They can also sometimes be used for talking about permission, but usually only in formal situations. Instead of saying May I open a window? we would say Is it all right/OK if I open a window? or Can I open a window? for example. You might, however, see: 
  • Students may not borrow equipment without written permission. 
5. SHOULD AND MUST
Giving advice
  • I think you should go for the Alfa rather than the Audi.
  • You shouldn't be drinking if you're on antibiotics.
  • You shouldn't have ordered that chocolate dessert - you're not going to finish it 
Ought to

Ought to usually has the same meaning as should, particularly in affirmative statements in the present:
  • You should/ought to get your hair cut.
  • Should is much more common (and easier to say!), so if you're not sure, use should 
Strong advice and invitations
  • I think you really must make more of an effort.
  • You must go and see the film - it's brilliant.
  • You must come and see me next time you're in town.
Saying you think something is certain
  • This must be the place - there's a white car parked outside.
  • You must be mad.
  • What a suntan! You must have had great weather
6. SHALL
Making offers
  • Shall I fetch you another glass of wine?
Making suggestions
  • Shall we go to the cinema tonight?
  http://library.bcu.ac.uk/learner/Grammar%20Guides/3.07%20Modals.html

Sabtu, 03 Mei 2014

TASK 1 dan TASK 2



Nama : Arnoldus Sutaryanto
NPM  : 19210610
Kelas : 4 EA 18


TASK 1

1. Difference Between Simple Past and Present Perfect
The simple past tense indicates that an activity or situation began and ended at a particular time in the past.
The present perfect expresses the idea that something happened (or never happened) before now, at an unspecified time in the past.The exact time it happened is not important. It also expresses the repetition of an activity before now. The exact time of each repetition is not important.
2. Subject - Verb Agreement
Subject-verb agreement just means using the right version of the verb to agree with the subject.
ex: Cars is coming
3. Difference Between Possessive Pronoun and Possessive Adjective
A possessive pronoun takes the place of a noun that belongs to someone or something.The possessive pronouns are: mine, yours, his, hers, ours.
ex : The house on the corner is ours.
A possessive adjective describes a noun as belonging to someone or something. A possessive adjective is placed just before the noun it describes.The possessive adjectives are: my, your, his, her, our, their, it's.
ex : Our house is on the corner.
4. Collective Noun
a collective noun is the name of a number (or collection) of people or things taken together and spoken of as one whole. For example, in the phrase "a pride of lions",pride is a collective noun.

TASKS 2

What is a Verb Complement?
A verb complement is the arrangement of one verb as the object of another verb.
This happens three ways in English:
1. With Infinitives
ex : I asked her to leave, I wanted to leave, I helped him to leave, I stopped for the child to cross the street.
2. With Gerunds
ex : I considered leaving the job, I regretted his leaving the job, They decided on leaving.
3. With Noun Clauses
ex : I insisted that he leave, I wondered why he left, She acknowledged that she had left the job, He didn’t know that she had left, She decided when she would leave.
Verb and Preposition followed by Gerund
ex : After being stopped by the police, George admitted to having drunk two pints of beer
Adjective and Preposition followed by Gerund
ex : He is accustomed to having his own office. She is addicted to watching TV. She is afraid of speaking in public.